Never figured it out

I have always been somewhat surprised / perplexed by a number of women who convert to Islam and submit to their male counterpart in such a visible way. Growing up in that culture and living within it I understand, and perhaps if they are able to look at the West with the sexual exploitation of women the conclusion might be a way that it can be justified… but educated (and liberated) Western women converting? That I have not understood.

And beyond the above scenario the rise of a new ‘men need to be men’ emphasis (patriarchy and misogyny IMHO) and a number of women (not so many women as men) who advocate that the woman’s place is in the home is equally surprising. There is a movement to which is attached the adjective ‘Christian’ that is rooted in God is all powerful and the more powerful (bullying) a man can be the more that man is in the image of the all powerful god (cannot capitalise ‘god’ at this point as that definition of power does not relate to the God of Scripture)… take for example the critique in the book Jesus and John Wayne (author: Kristin Kobes du Mez). Jesus the tough man who crushes all opponents, so let us vote for those in positions of power who will be like that Jesus / John Wayne.

And into that setting come certain women who advocate men at the top as the divine order!

All forms of abusive power (Imperial spirit / Babylon) offer benefits to those who comply, and there will be certain benefits – safety, and in the words of Revelation ‘allowed to buy and to sell’. But the majority of (in this situation) women will not benefit at all – and just look at the statistics of women in the work place.

To the Bible for a mo…

The household codes that we find in Paul (wives submit to; children submit; slaves behave in this way… etc) are present for apologetic purposes. They follow the pattern that is recorded in the literature of the day, but Paul transforms the content. He moves them away from ‘you at the top (male husband, slave-owner, father) are the boss so keep everyone else in order’ and the most famous passage in Ephesians does not begin with ‘wives submit to your husbands’ but the verb is present in the preceding verse with ‘submit yourselves to one another in the fear / reverence of Christ’ (Ephes. 5:21 this is where the verb appears not in verse 22). That transforms everything, and all relationships. I don’t think it goes the whole way, no more than the NT comments on slavery go the whole way in the NT… but the gospel goes the whole way. There is in Christ, ‘no male and female’ (Gal. 3) – the change of language from neither… nor to ‘and not male and female’ indicates Paul is quoting Genesis 2. Make of what you want of the creation narratives but once we touch Jesus ALL hierarchy disappears, for all former categories are no longer relevant (Paul’s comments on ‘a new creation’ in 2 Cor. 5).

The challenge of Jesus is there to hit at all exploitation. Read the Proverbs and the male is warned over the seductive woman. Read Jesus and he hits the issue hard… ‘If a man looks at a women to lust after her’. Dress appropriately – for sure; seductiveness is an issue… but the blame game and therefore the need to control through legislation – no not the gospel.

Marriages need to work out how they partner together. Probably no one size fits all, but hierarchy, patriarchy, bullying – no, no, no.

Men need to be men. But the image is not John Wayne, but Jesus. Children, women, the marginalised – he came to lift them up… and far from being incarnated as male to show a superiority he is male as that is where the root of the issue lies. Scripture is consistent – it does not address the marginalised to rebel but the ones who abuse position to repent. And that is also why he comes as a Jew. No more at the top and let’s keep it that way, but emptying out power. ‘Being in the image of God he emptied himself’.

How far can we go along the trajectory of the gospel? One day the perfect will come – until then we are provoked to go further than yesterday… with no desire to restore a former era.

Let’s give a shout for humanity

If I were to write further articles on ‘eschatology’ – and I plan to – the next one would be on ‘I don’t expect a millennium,a great tribulation nor an antiChrist‘. Now there are smarter people than me that tick all those boxes and there is a strong (and sensible) history of thought behind all three (as well as some fanciful stuff). As I need to reserve all my bright ideas to that article I will not give them away here!

But in short reply why don’t I expect that trilogy? Well a millennial-rule is only found in Revelation, a book unveiling the reality of Babylon (Imperial rule), and being of the genre of apocalyptic literature. A literal 1000 years? Maybe. And in the same chapter the devil is bound by chains. Literal chains? Maybe not. Early church history certainly records those who believed in a (pre-) millennial time as well as those who took an a-millennial approach. But those writers are predominantly from the Hellenistic (Graeco-Roman) world not the world of Jewish apocalyptic writings. I probably don’t fit any of the three main schools of thought (pre-, post. and a-) on the millennium.

The ‘tribulation’ is found throughout Scripture cos that is our world. Two kingdom / values / commitments in total opposition to each other; and if we push for a ‘great tribulation’ we are back to Revelation and Jesus’ words in Matthew 24 (and parallels) where ‘all these things will be fulfilled in a generation’ (i.e. by 70AD/CE). So we expect tribulation but I am not so sure we are to expect a final great tribulation.

Then the antiChrist? Diverse Scriptures have to be shoe-horned together that do not seem to be addressing the same issue. So no…

Overall my main reason for not ticking those three boxes is Scripture itself. There is so little in the book concerning what is thought to be the ‘end times’, and there is so much in there that informs us that since Pentecost we have been living in a new era – the ‘end times’. Speculation is not a word, regardless of what accent is used, that spells the word Scripture. Leave that to the world of the horoscopes.

But hang on a minute. I actually think an antiChrist is highly likely, not because Scripture says there will be one but if we do not get our act together we will create the space where an antiChrist (or many) can appear. So I genuinely do not think that Scripture predicts one, but Scripture informs us there will always be one if we continue on a certain path – one or many.

If we gave Scripture a voice and there was a recognisable antiChrist around I don’t think Scripture would say ‘look I told you so, I predicted that in various texts’ but rather ‘look I told you so, this is the inevitable outcome’.

These last few days the world of AI has come central. Whistle-blowers who have left that world saying that within a decade AI could wipe out the human race; Claude is now at the point where the next iteration does not need coding – it can code the next upgraded release! And from there? Well we should not think of a team working on coding and a new release coming out, for example, annually.

I posted what might well be an AI generated video of robots running the 100metres and physically attacking others in the race. I suggested that we could caption the video ‘and humanity created in their own image’.

AntiChrist is not simply a major attack on God, it is an attack on humanity. John (who is the only one to use the term!) says that at the core there is a denial that Jesus was human. It is an attack on humanity.

It is not only whistle-bowers from the inside who have grave reservations about AI, I do too. Theology has not helped with a distant God and a perspective on humanity that denegrates them all in the name of preserving the glory of God (I don’t think that is our responsibility, God can take care of that).

Beasts from the land and the sea find their fulfilment in history, but history is ongoing. People, systems and the like are ever present to fill space.

If I were to shout two warnings – the first would be take note of the rise of narcissism (well documented how it has recognisably grown over the last 40+ years). I once spoke with a psychotherapist (no I was not lying on a couch!) who talked to me about narcissism. I replied with the wrong observation that such people ‘love themselves’ and he replied with ‘absolutely not; they love the image of themselves’. Image. And the second warning would be related to AI. Created in human image. (AI is here to stay and is part of our world, and will also be ‘good’.)

There is an eternal gospel, but that eternal gospel has to be incarnated in time and space, in the here and now.

There is one Saviour of this world (there is my eschatology in a nutshell) who is the image of the invisible God and the one into whose image we are being changed.

AI might wipe us all out… maybe that is the ‘end’ but I thank God for the ‘I see a new creation’ vision we find in Scripture.

I might not believe in an antiChrist in the classic sense of what that means but I want to make sure I am on my guard concerning every antiChrist manifestation that is present. The level of that presence grows and shrinks… let’s see how much it can shrink regardless of what is created and what anxieties are voiced.

Big (good or bad?) words

Here then are the words: leadership, accountability, submission, discipleship… and I am sure a host of other words that I don’t know or don’t know how to spell!

Words to have meaning but their effective meaning is more tied to how they are understood (and used) rather than ‘this word means…’

I remember talking to someone who was strongly in relationship with people he had been journeying with for decades but was not attending a regular gathering (to which had been ascribed the word ‘church’). He met one who was to be found ‘in the right place on a Sunday’ who was somewhat put out by his lack of attendance is such a setting. The conversation went,

Where do you worship?

With the response ‘Normally when I get out bed I turn my heart to the Lord, when I wash my face in the morning I am always thankful and praising God, then I take time to worship the Lord as I thank God for family, friends and the food on the table. I like to start the day in worship.’

Out of interest where do you worship?

That question was conveniently not responded to as the hard hitting, deeply penetrating question was next:

Who are you accountable to?

Such a penetrating question and the answer went as follows:

A great question, I guess I could answer that a number of ways, but as you are asking it, let me suggest I also become accountable to you, and maybe we could do something that is mutual. Here is the phone number of my wife. Why to give her a call and ask her to be honest about her observations and experience of me; I can easily give you access to my bank account and I would love to hear what you think about how I am stewarding what we have.Maybe then you could do that also in return and we become mutually accountable to each other? How would that sound to you?

Surprise, surprise… that conversation ended there.

The questions were not the questions. The two questions were to find out if this person ticked the two boxes with the right answers. But the answers would not have answered the questions. I often think about Paul (did he write those ‘pastoral’ letters) and his check list for leadership. They essentially came down to two categories: go check out their home and find out from neighbours what they think. (Oh and something on having some ability to teach and not being a novice in the faith.) Wow… practical.

A few comments on those words above. If we think institutionally we might answer them one way but if we think relationally we will go down a different route.

Leadership is not title-oriented (Paul is not ‘Apostle Paul’) nor is it hierarchical. Tom Marshall said that when truth flows one way and honour and respect the other we have a problem. Jesus pointed out the leadership pattern among the ‘gentiles’ with the statement that was not to be that way ‘among you’. And I think we have to extend this to affect our understanding of God. How does God ‘rule’? Top down? I understand what people mean by ‘God is in control’ but it often means that God is not taking any nonsense and controls, then we have a little internal conflict (did I write ‘little’?) because too much seems out of control! The mess is not down to God… and here comes another word (extra bonus I did not put it in the initial list) – delegate!

The way God works is to distribute not simply delegate. Leadership often delegates and at times there is the need to delegate, but God loves to divest. On the day of Pentecost there is not a delegated outpouring. First on Peter (that would help if we wanted to really think he was personally the ‘rock’) then Peter could bestow the Spirit to James and John… then we draw in the 12 and so on to the 120. God comes equally to all at the same time.

The work of God is hindered as ‘there is no king in the land and everyone does what is right in their own eyes’ and it is hindered as ‘there is a king in the land and no one can do what is right in their own eyes’ (second quote is not in the Bible!). The book of Judges has a ‘king is right’ lens and is very critical of the situation, and maybe a ‘king’ would have temporarily helped but it eventually led to Egypt coming back into Israel. We need an eye-test as not everything goes and we need corrective lenses (a Jesus-lens for life, Scripture, and particularly so as we no longer see people according to conventional categorisation). But with those lenses on – and getting them checked out regularly – we discover that there is to be no ‘king’ in the land and that we are to do what is right in our own eyes. Not stubbornly, nor independently but inter-relationally. So to one of the other words:

Submit… and always in the ‘middle voice’ and expressed relationally. Submit yourself to one another. Not I am at the top and I will subject you!

‘Where do I worship? And who am I accountable to?’ remain two really good questions. Imagine if we made the questions relational and not institutional. Maybe we could move toward ‘there was no king among them; there was a flow of life and openness; approval and push back was visible, and each person seemed to have sight on what they should do’. Maybe ‘the kingdom’ could just be ‘at hand’ if such was the case.

In the image of…?

The world of technology never stops and how do we respond? AI – another step in removing the human relational level, and yet it will be presented in a positive light so that we will build a relationship with it. And very soon (probably already) robots will offer whatever connection one wants. This is our world… a challenge to theology which is why a theology of humanity is so key.

In the meantime a little humour. We read ‘in the beginning God created… humanity.’ In the image of the divine. And the sobering side is I wonder in the following clip should we simply write and ‘in the beginning humanity created… robots in their own image’??? The challenge remains – a humanity truly in the image of God.

I do not know if the above was AI generated or not but it remains a provocative likelihood.

Empire or Love

Regular visitors here will know that occasionally I publish what someone else has written. Simon Swift has sent me a few articles of the past months and he has just sent me this. Simon writes clearly with a wonderful humility that invites thought. See what you think of this one particularly in the context of the rising Christian Nationalism.


The world is full of trouble, wars, and political upheaval fill the news streams. Economic collapse is threatened, and the cost of living is getting worse. Exceptional weather here in Europe with threats of extended and record breaking heatwaves, wild fires and draughts brings fear of ecological disaster. Freedoms under threat in countries that once championed liberal democracy. One could be forgiven for thinking this is all heading towards the Apocalypse. In the so called West, certain politicians have been using fear and hate to stir up nationalism as a vehicle to power and empire. A new brand of Christianity has been born just for the West: Christian Nationalism. Where does the Way of Jesus figure in all this? Is Jesus the answer?

The short answer, of course, is yes. But I have never liked short answers and just saying Jesus is the answer, is not good enough. Perhaps the question is wrong, too vague for a real answer, and why the question in the first place? Maybe you are happy that there are leaders willing to use what ever means to protect a national identity as part of the Faith. That democracy has failed us and we need a hero who can sort it all out, a populist politician giving easy slogans as answers.

Does Jesus’ story, message, and resurrection fit within this new brand of Christianity?

The use of the word Kingdom is found all over the bible and Jesus himself used it. Yet I find it a difficult term to use as it can lead to empire building instead of freedom. Perhaps it is used a lot, because as the Jewish scriptures were edited and developed, those involved lived in the kingdom of Israel. Again it seems that the people wanted a charismatic leader to provide all the answers for them. A search was begun to look for a leader with anointing to lead his people in the right direction, one dedicated to the kingdom of Israel, or should that be kingdom of Heaven? God was soon disappointed with their first king and he was replaced by their most famous one, David. Yet he too became corrupted by power. Humanity then had to wait a long time till God’s Word became flesh to be worthy of the title of king.

The title of Christ, or Messiah given to Jesus means the Anointed One. To me, this speaks more of Priesthood than kingship, of Aaron than of David. Of course we can see it as bringing the two together. It reminds us of the character Melchizedek; Jesus as priest/king. If a king he must have a kingdom. But what of that kingdom, what is it, and what does it mean to live in it?

One of Jesus’ own descriptions of his kingdom is of a small seed becoming a large tree and the birds coming to perch on its branches. Though I like to think of them as nesting in the tree making it their home. For me, this speaks of possibilities, of emergence and nurture rather than dominion and authority. The Word, an idea that is spoken in to reality. Or in this case planted into its hearers hearts and minds. Will it germinate? What will emerge from this planting? Another parable of Jesus comes to mind: the sower spreading the seed over different types of terrain. The parable gives us an understanding of how the environment is so important to the seeds growth. If the seed does begin its transformation into a tree, it emerges into an environment, it does not do so in isolation. Its shape will be effected by outside influences. A question we can ask is does it dominate the land it grows in or does it become a source of life for all that grows up around it? When the birds come to nest in it, do they find a home or prison, partnership, or master?

Jesus’ ministry was one of love and invitation, not command and judgement. The Anointed One as priest rather than king? The parable of the prodigal son is a good picture of what Jesus’ ministry was doing. Its effect on the establishment as well as to the lost children. The context is family, not institution or even religion. God is father, the lost come home to be sons & daughters. The older brother, upset at the father’s grace, complains and the father’s answer is quite remarkable. He tells the brother that everything is his. This speaks of inheritance. When we become followers of Jesus, do we become his father’s servants or his children?

If we choose to follow Jesus, we become his students. We are expected to become imitators of him: The Way of Jesus. This means the Way of love, it includes giving, mercy, resurrection, and humbleness and I’m sure you could add more this list. The Way starts with forgiveness and repentance. It is to chose to live a new kind of life; a change in direction and relationships. A movement away from the world’s empires and their expectations of conformity. A move towards eternal life.

The trouble with Kingdoms and their empires is they have an us-and-them view of the world. Empire requires ownership, all are resources to be used and discarded as necessary. You are either useful or not, loyal or the enemy. And if not useful, you are expelled; a type of death. If not loyal then death is the final solution. That’s what empires do. They are a hungry beast that exploit and devour the resources they have.

So I find the idea of Christian Nationalism worrying as it is more interested in gaining dominance in culture and social life that excludes those that do not conform; a type of empire. Exclusion (a type of death) being its main weapon, it can so easily turn into racism and incorporate ethnonationalism; ideas that go against the Way. After all our allegiance is to the Christ and his Way not to some western pattern of life and culture.

When we talk of the new age, the new heaven and earth becoming one. Is it a dramatic day of judgement where heaven and the old earth is literally destroyed and replaced by a new one? Or has the new age already begun and we who claim to follow Jesus are the planters of the seed with the intention of transformation to the Divine Commonwealth (or Kingdom of Heaven if you prefer)? Jesus does talk of judgement at the end, but he speaks of angels removing the weeds from the crop. But it is angels not us humans. Perhaps we should concentrate on being not the king’s judges, but priests. Ministers inviting people into the Divine Commonwealth. Practitioners of hope instead of judgment and fear. The way we walk, talk, and do our daily lives is our tilling of the soil. Preparing it for planting so when the Word comes and plants the seed: a mighty tree grows and birds come to rest.

Dispensationalism – history and critique

Here is a final pdf… pretty much what the former posts contained but with footnoting.

Dispensationalism_history_and_critique.pdf

Click on the link above to read / download. I often offer an ‘open Zoom’ to discuss the contents of each pdf I write (this is the 9th volume) but am not convinced that the contents deserve that. If you think otherwise let me know.


If interested this the 9th volume and I intended them to be a follow on from the four initial books I wrote in 2020. CHeck out the others:

Vol 1: Paul’s Gospel in Galatians (pdf).

Vol 2: Understanding Transitions (pdf).

Vol 3: A historico-narrative approach to Scripture (pdf).

Vol 4: Eschatology: an introduction (pdf).

Vol 5: Eschatology: The Second Horizon (pdf).

Vol 6: Eschatology: Here not There (pdf).

Vol 7: Reconciliation in four directions (pdf).

Vol 8: All Israel will be saved (pdf).

Vol. 9: DIspensationalism – history and critique (pdf).

Perspectives